Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular cAMP accumulation measured after 3 minsAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular cAMP accumulation measured after 3 mins
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular cAMP accumulation measured after 3 minsAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular cAMP accumulation measured after 3 mins
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP level at 100 uM incubated for 2 hr by alphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Evaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Evaluated for agonist activity against mouse Melanocortin 1 receptor using mMC1R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against mouse Melanocortin 1 receptor using mMC1R assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Evaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assay
Evaluated for agonist activity against mouse Melanocortin 1 receptor using mMC1R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against mouse Melanocortin 1 receptor using mMC1R assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Evaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 2 hrs by cAMP alpha screen assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP production incubated for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrsAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrs
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrsAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrs
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrsAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrs
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrsAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrs
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrsAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrs
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrsAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrs
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrsAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrs
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrsAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin-1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells co-transfected with CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assessed as stimulatory response after 6 hrs
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation incubated for 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Evaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assay
Evaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assay
Evaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assay
Evaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against human Melanocortin 1 receptor using hMC1-R assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF methodAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF method
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF methodAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF method
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF methodAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF method
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF methodAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF method
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF methodAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF method
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at human recombinant MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by enzyme fragment complementation assayAgonist activity at human recombinant MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by enzyme fragment complementation assay
Effective concentration against hMC1R using HEK293 cells was determined by measuring the cAMP accumulationEffective concentration against hMC1R using HEK293 cells was determined by measuring the cAMP accumulation
Effective concentration against hMC1R using HEK293 cells was determined by measuring the cAMP accumulationEffective concentration against hMC1R using HEK293 cells was determined by measuring the cAMP accumulation
Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.
Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.
Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.
Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.
Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.
Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.
Evaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assayEvaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assay
Evaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assayEvaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assay
Evaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assayEvaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assay
Evaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assayEvaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assay
Evaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assayEvaluated for agonist at cloned mammalian Melanocortin 1 receptor in frog (Rana pipiens) skin assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by AlphaScreen cAMP assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by alphascreen assay
Effective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generationEffective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generation
Effective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generationEffective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generation
Effective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generationEffective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generation
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Evaluated for agonist activity against mouse Melanocortin 1 receptor using mMC1R assayEvaluated for agonist activity against mouse Melanocortin 1 receptor using mMC1R assay
effective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptoreffective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptor
effective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptoreffective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptor
effective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptoreffective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptor
effective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptoreffective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptor
effective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptoreffective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptor
effective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptoreffective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptor
effective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptoreffective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptor
effective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptoreffective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptor
effective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptoreffective concentration of peptide at 50% maximal cAMP accumulation on Melanocortin 1 receptor
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF methodAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF method
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF methodAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF method
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells by beta-galactosidase assay
Activity against hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells by intracellular cAMP accumulationActivity against hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells by intracellular cAMP accumulation
Activity against hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells by intracellular cAMP accumulationActivity against hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells by intracellular cAMP accumulation
Activity against hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells by intracellular cAMP accumulationActivity against hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells by intracellular cAMP accumulation
Activity at hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulationActivity at hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulation
Activity at hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulationActivity at hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulation
Activity at hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulationActivity at hMC1R transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulation
Agonist activity at human MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulationAgonist activity at human MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulation
Agonist activity at human MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulationAgonist activity at human MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulation
Agonist activity at human MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulationAgonist activity at human MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulation
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP levelAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP level
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP levelAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP level
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP levelAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of intracellular cAMP level
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as cAMP response measured after 2 hrs incubation by cAMP Alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as cAMP response measured after 2 hrs incubation by cAMP Alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as cAMP response measured after 2 hrs incubation by cAMP Alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as cAMP response measured after 2 hrs incubation by cAMP Alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as cAMP response measured after 2 hrs incubation by cAMP Alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as cAMP response measured after 2 hrs incubation by cAMP Alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as cAMP response measured after 2 hrs incubation by cAMP Alphascreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as cAMP response measured after 2 hrs incubation by cAMP Alphascreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Effect on human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulationEffect on human MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as intracellular cAMP accumulation
Effective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generationEffective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generation
Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.Effective concentration required for maximum agonist response at melanocortin 1 receptor from frog skin.
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated for 2 hrs followed by biotinylated cAMP addition and subsequent incubation for 2 hrs by AlphaScreen assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin 1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by cAMP based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Effective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generationEffective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generation
Effective concentration against hMC1R using HEK293 cells was determined by measuring the cAMP accumulationEffective concentration against hMC1R using HEK293 cells was determined by measuring the cAMP accumulation
Effective concentration against hMC1R using HEK293 cells was determined by measuring the cAMP accumulationEffective concentration against hMC1R using HEK293 cells was determined by measuring the cAMP accumulation
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Full agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assayFull agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene after 6 hrs by beta-galactosidase cAMP assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by cAMP-based beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assayAgonist activity at mouse melanocortin receptor 1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP accumulation incubated for 2 hrs by cAMP Alpha-screen assay
Effective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generationEffective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generation
Effective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generationEffective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generation
Effective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generationEffective concentration against Melanocortin 1 receptor transfected into L-cells was determined by concentration of peptide for 50% maximal cAMP generation
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)In vitro agonist potency was evaluated in HEK293 cells transfected with human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R)
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.cAMP Assay: Accumulation of intracellular cAMP was examined as a measure of the ability of the peptides of the present invention to elicit a functional response in a human melanoma cell line, HBL, that express hMCR-1 (see Kang, L., et al., A selective small molecule agonist of melanocortin-1 receptor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine accumulation and leukocyte infiltration in mice, J. Leuk. Biol. 80:897-904 (2006)) or HEK-293 cells that express hMCR-4. Confluent HBL cells that express hMCR-1 or HEK-293 cells that express recombinant hMCR-4 were detached from culture plates by incubation in enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer. Dispersed cells were suspended in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution containing 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM glutamine, 0.5% albumin and 0.3 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The cells were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 0.4ÿ105 cells per well for HBL cells and 0.5x105 cells per well for HEK-293 cells and pre-incubated for 10 minutes. Cells were exposed for 15 minutes at 37° C. to peptides of the present invention dissolved in DMSO (final DMSO concentration of 1%) at a concentration range of 0.05-5000 nM in a total assay volume of 200 uL. NDP-α-MSH was used as the reference agonist. cAMP levels were determined by an HTRF cAMP cell-based assay system from Cisbio Bioassays utilizing cryptate-labeled anti-cAMP and d2-labeled cAMP, with plates read on a Perkin-Elmer Victor plate reader at 665 and 620 nM. Data analysis was performed by nonlinear regression analysis with Graph-Pad Prism software. Maximum efficacy (Emax) values were determined for each test peptide of the present invention, compared to that achieved by the reference melanocortin agonist NDP-α-MSH.
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assayAgonist activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP accumulation after 2 hrs by alpha screen assay
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF methodAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF method
Agonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF methodAgonist activity at human MC1R expressed in low doxycyclin-treated HEK293 cell membranes assessed as increase in cAMP production after 45 mins by HTRF method
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
Activity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assayActivity at mouse MC1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by CRE/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay